Esters of myo-inositol phosphate

ABSTRACT

New derivatives of cyclohexane in substantially pure form suitable as a pharmaceutical, foodstuff or as a stabilizer.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application, Ser. No. 126,883 filed Nov. 25, 1987, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to novel derivatives of cyclohexane and compositions containing the same.

2. Background of the Prior Art

The family of isomeric hexahydroxy derivatives of cyclohexane are known as inositols. There exist nine different isomers and one of these, myo-inositol, is of biological importance. Chiro-inositols and scyllo-inositols are also of natural occurrence, but nothing is known of their biological role.

Myo-inositol is an essential nutrient for microorganisms and under special dietary condition for different animals.

There are some known derivatives of myo-inositol, such as phosphates and phospholipids.

Myo-inositol is found in plants principally as its hexaphosphate-ester, called phytic acid. It is further known that derivatives with a lower number of phosphate groups are formed during germination. The final products of the germination are myoinositol and inorganic phosphate.

One specific isomer of myo-inositoltriphosphate i.e. D-myo-inositol-1.4.5-triphosphate has been reported in Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120.2 (1984) p. 481. This compound is known as an intracellular calcium mobilizer in mammalian cells.

Other specific isomers of myo-inositoltriphosphate have been disclosed in the Swedish patent appln. No. 8504968-2.

Phospholipids are components of cell membranes. One type of phospholipis is the phosphoinositides in which myo-inositol is covalently linked to derivatives of glycerol.

Some methyl ethers of myo-inositol occur in plants. The most common one is the 5-methyl ether called seqnoyitol.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, it has quite unexpectedly been possible to produce novel derivatives of cyclohexane in substantially pure form.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

According to the invention, derivatives of cyclohexane of the structural formula (I) ##STR1## have been produced in either acid or ether or salt form with high purity, wherein:

R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are (a) hydrogen (b) oxygen (c) A, where A is

(1) straight or branched alkyl with 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl and docosyl;

(2) cycloalkyl with 3 to 16 carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl;

(3) alkenyl with 2 to 24 carbon atoms, such as vinyl, allyl, propenyl, octadienyl, octenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, octadecenyl, octadecadienyl, nonadecenyl, octadecatrienyl and arachidonyl;

(4) cycloalkenyl with 4 to 16 carbon atoms, such as cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl and cyclohexadienyl;

(5) aryl with 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphtyl, anthracenyl and phenanthrenyl;

(6) aralkyl, alkaryl, aralkenyl, alkenylaryl, wherein alkyl, aryl and alkenyl are as previously defined;

(7) heterocyclic group containing at least one atom selected from the group of oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur, such as pyridyl, furyl and thiazolyl.

The above groups (1) to (7) are unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxy; oxo; alkoxy; aryloxy; halo; cyano; isocyanato; carboxy; esterified carboxy; amino; substituted amino; formyl; acyl; acyloxy; acylamino; sulfinyl, sulfonyl; phosphino; phosphinyl; phosphonyl; mercapto; alkylthio; arylthio; silyl; silyloxy; silylthio; nitro; azido; or the like.

(d) OB, where B is

(1) A as defined previously

(2) a glycosyl residue, such as glucose, mannose or glucosamine

(3) a glycopeptide

(4) a glycoprotein, such as lectins

(5) a glycolipid, such as cerebroside

(6) a halo, carboxy, phosphonyl, sulfonyl or the like. ##STR2## where D is (1) A as defined previously

(2) carboxy or esterified carboxy

(3) amino or substituted amino

(f) E, where E is

(1) an amino acid, such as alanine, glycine, proline, methionine, serine, threonine or asparagine

(2) a peptide, such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl or glycyl-glycyl

(3) a protein including a lipoprotein and a nucleoprotein

(g) F, where F is

(1) halo or haloformyl

(2) carbonyl or substituted carbonyl

(3) carbamoyl or substituted carbamoyl

(4) carboxy or esterified carboxy

(5) imino or amino or substituted imino or amino

(6) mercapto or substituted mercapto

(7) cyano or isocyanato

(8) phosphino, phosphinyl or phosphonyl or substituted phosphino, phosphinyl or phosphonyl

(9) sulfinyl or sulfonyl or substituted sulfinyl or sulfonyl

(10) silyl, silyloxy or silylthio

(11) nitro

(12) azido

(13) heterocyclic group containing at least one atom selected from the group of oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur

(14) xanthate or phosphorothiate

(15) hydroxyl

where X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and

R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are ##STR3## where Y is (1) oxygen or

(2) (--CH₂ --)_(n), where n=1-4

(3) (--CH₂ --)_(n) O, where n=1-4

where R₇ and R₈ independently are

(1) hydrogen

(2) B as defined previously

(3) E as defined previously ##STR4## where R₇ is defined previously and where R₉ is (A) hydrogen

(B) hydroxyl

(C) B as defined previously

(D) OB, where B is defined previously

(E) E as defined previously

(F) amino or substituted amino

(5) --X as defined previously or phosphorylated X ##STR5## where R₇ and R₉ independently are as defined previously (c) F as defined previously.

In Formula (I) R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ can be placed in any order to each other. The configuration isomers of myoinositol according to the invention are epi-, muco-, neo-, chiro-, scyllo-, allo- and cisinositol.

The intention of Formula (I) is not to cover compounds like inositol, inositoltriphosphate or phytic acid.

In the context of the present description, the general terms used above have the following meanings, radicals and compounds that are termed "lower" containing up to and including 7, preferably up to and including 4 carbon atoms:

Alkyl with 1 to 24 carbon atoms is for example, lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tributyl, sec.-butyl or tert.-butyl, also n-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl or n-heptyl or higher alkyl such as straight-chain or branched octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl and n-tetracosyl;

Cycloalkyl with 3 to 16 carbon atoms is, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl and adamantyl;

Alkenyl with 2 to 24 carbon atoms is, for example, lower alkenyl such as vinyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl or higher alkenyl such as octadienyl, octenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, octadecenyl, octadecadienyl, octadecatrienyl, nonadecenyl and arachidonyl;

Cycloalkenyl with 4 to 16 carbon atoms is, for example, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclooctadienyl and cyclooctatrienyl;

Aryl with 6 to 24 carbon atoms is, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl;

The radical A can also be a heterocyclic group containing at least one atom selected from the group of oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur and is for example pyridyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, indolyl, imidazolyl, furyl, dioxolanyl, oxiranyl, thiiranyl, thiopyranyl, oxazolyl and thiazolyl.

The above mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted.

The substitution could consist of free functional groups such as hydroxy, carbonyl, carboxyl, mercapto or amino or these groups could be present in protected form.

Thus, carboxyl groups are usually protected in esterified form and contain as esterifying groups especially lower alkyl groups, which could be branched in the 1-position or suitably substituted in the 1- or 2-position. Preferred carboxyl groups protected in esterified form are inter alia methoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, tert. alkoxycarbonyl, for example tert. butoxycarbonyl, arylmethoxycarbonyl having one or two aryl radicals, these being especially phenyl radicals optionally substituted for example by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen and/or nitro, such as benzyloxycarbonyl, methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, diphenylmethoxycarbonyl, 2-bromoethoxycarbonyl or 2-iodoethoxycarbonyl. Further preferred protected carboxyl groups in esterified form are silyloxycarbonyl groups, especially organic silyloxycarbonyl groups. In these the silicon atom contains as substituent preferably lower alkyl, especially methyl, also alkoxy, especially methoxy and/or halogen, for example chlorine. Suitable silyl-protecting groups are for example trimethylsilyl and dimethyl-tert.-butylsilyl.

A protected amino group may be, for example, in the form of an acylamino group or in the form of arylalkylamino group or azido group or sulphonated amino group. In a corresponding acylamino group acyl is for example the acyl radical of an organic carboxylic acid having for example up to 18 carbon atoms, especially of an alkanecarboxylic acid that is preferably substituted for example by halogen or aryl or of a carbonic acid semiester.

Such acyl groups are for sample lower alkanoyl such as formyl or acetyl; halo-lower alkanoyl such as 2-chloro-and 2-bromoacetyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl straight or branched in the 1-position of the lower alkyl radical or suitably substituted in the 1- or 2-position, for example tert. butyl carbonyl; arylmethoxycarbonyl having one or two aryl radicals that are unsubstituted or, in the case of phenyl, may be substituted for example by lower alkyl, especially tert. lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen and/or nitro; such as unsubstituted or substituted aryloxycarbonyl, for example benzyloxycarbonyl or 4-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl or diphenylmethoxycarbonyl, for example benzhydroxycarbonyl or di-(4-methoxyphenyl)-methoxycarbonyl; aroylmethoxycarbonyl for example phenacyloxycarbonyl in which the aroyl group is benzoyl that is unsubstituted or substituted for example by halogen; halo-lower alkoxycarbonyl, for example 2-bromo- or 2-iodoethoxycarbonyl; or 2-(trisubstituted silyl)-ethoxycarbonyl such as for example 2-trimethylsilylethoxycarbonyl or 2-triphenylsilylethoxycarbonyl.

An arylalkylamino group is a mono-, di- or especially a triarylalkylamino group in which the aryl radicals are especially unsubstituted or substituted phenyl radicals. Such groups are for example benzylamino, diphenylmethylamino or tritylamino.

Amino groups may also contain organic silyl groups as protecting groups. Suitable silylprotecting groups are especially tri-lower alkylsilyl, such as trimethylsilyl and dimethyl-tert.-butylsilyl.

Preferred aminoprotecting groups are acyl radicals of carbonic acid semiesters especially tert.-butoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl that is unsubstituted or substituted for example benzyloxycarbonyl or 4-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl or diphenylmethoxycarbonyl or 2.2.2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl.

Other protected amino groups are sulphonated amino groups such as lower alkyl sulphonamides especially N-methyl sulphonamide and N-butylsulphonamide.

Hydroxy- and mercapto-protecting groups are for example acyl radicals such as lower alkanoyl that is unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, such as 2.2-dichloroacetyl or especially the acyl radicals of carbonic acid semiesters mentioned in connection with the amino-protecting groups and also etherifying groups such as tert.-butyl or 2-oxo- or 2-thia-aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, for example 1-methoxyethyl, 1-methyl-thiomethyl or 2-oxa- or 2-thia-cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, for example 2-tetrahydroxyfuryl or 2-tetrahydropyranyl or corresponding thia analogues and unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, diphenylmethyl there coming into consideration as substituents of the phenyl radicals, for example halogen, lower alkoxy and/or nitro.

Hydroxy and mercapto groups may also be protected in the form of corresponding organic silyloxy or silylthio groups. Suitable silyl protecting groups are especially lower alkylsilyl such as trimethylsilyl or dimethyl-tert.-butyl-silyl.

Two free functional groups may also be substituted by a common protecting group. Thus, for example hydroxy groups may be substituted by a methylene radical that is unsubstituted or preferably substituted for example by lower alkyl, such as methyl or aryl, such as phenyl or such as methylene, isopropylidene, propylidene or benzylidene.

The substitutions on the radical A could also consist of a halogen especially fluorine, chlorine and iodine and further by a cyano group. The radical A could also be substituted with phosphorus containing radicals, such as phosphine, phosphinyl and phosphonyl and with nitrogen containing radicals such as nitro or azido.

The radical F can further be substituted with sulphurcontaining groups such as sulphinyl or sulphonyl and siliconcontaining groups such as silyl, silyloxy or silylthio.

One or two or three of R₁, R₂ and R₃ can independently be etherified hydroxy with the substituent B. B can be A as defined previously, but preferably B is a straight or branched alkyl, especially a lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or a higher alkyl such as octyl, decyl, dodecyl or eicosyl or an alkenyl especially vinyl, allyl or butenyl. Preferably B can also be a cycloalkyl, especially cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or a cycloalkenyl, especially cyclopentenyl or cyclooctadienyl.

In another preferred form, B is an aryl, especially phenyl, biphenyl and naphtyl. When the B radical is identical with the A radical it can be in unsubstituted or substituted form. The substitution could consist of free functional groups, such as hydroxy, carbonyl, carboxyl, mercapto or amino or these groups could be present in protected form as described above. The substitution could also consist of halogen and phosphorus- and nitrogencontaining radicals.

Preferably, the substitution consists of hydroxy or repeated fragments of hydroxyl groups etherified with carbon radicals such as polyethyleneglycol and polypropyleneglycol. Other preferred substitution groups consist of a halogen, especially fluorine or chlorine or amino or protected aminogroups with carbon radicals especially alkoxycarbonyl such as methoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl or aminocarbonyl or sulphur radicals such as methylsulphonyl or butylsulphonyl.

In another preferred form the substitution is mercapto or phosphine.

B can also be an etherified hydroxyl with a carbon radical which is a glycosyl residue. The glycosyl residue is derived for example from a monosaccharide such as erythrose, ribose, arabinose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, threose, xylose, lyxose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose, fructose or from a polysaccharide such as maltose, lactose, cellobiose or sucrose or nonhydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed cellulose, amylose or amylopectin.

Preferably the glycosyl residue is derived from glucose, fructose, mannose or lactose.

The glycosyl residue could also be substituted with for example carboxyl, amino- or phosphonyl groups such as glucoseamine or galactoseamine or glucosephosphate or glucopyranosyl phosphate or sialic acid.

B can also be an etherified hydroxyl with a carbon radical which is a glycopeptide. This radical is derived for example from one or more sugar residues which are attached primarily to serine, threonine or aspargine side chains of the peptide, where the peptide is formed by different combination of amino acids up to a molecular weight of 10.000. Preferred radicals are those which include glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to especially di- and tripeptides.

B can also be an etherified hydroxyl with a carbon radical which is a glycoprotein. This radical is derived for example from one or more sugar residues which are attached primarily to serine, threonine or aspargine side chains of the proteins, especially alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase, 5-nucleotidase, Thy-1, Th B and heparan sulphate proteoglycan. Preferred radicals are those which include glucoseamine and galactoseamine attached to the protein. Especially preferred radicals are lectins such as concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin, peanutagglutinin and seromucoid and orosomucoid.

B can also be an etherified hydroxy with a carbon radical which is glycolipid. This radical is derived for example from one or more sugar residues which are attached to a lipid.

Preferred radicals are those which include glucose or galactose. Further preferred radicals are cerebroside and ganglioside.

B can also be a halogen, especially fluorine and chlorine or a functional group such as carboxyl, phosphonyl or sulfonyl.

One or two or three or R₁, R₂ and R₃ can independently be esterified hydroxyl with the substituent D. D can be A as defined previously, but preferably the radical is derived from an organic carboxylic acid, especially an aliphatic, but also a cycloaliphatic, cycloaliphatic-aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acid. Aliphatic carboxylic acids are inter alia alkane carboxylic acids that are unsubstituted or substituted for example by hydroxy or etherified or esterified hydroxy such as lower alkoxy or lower alkanoyloxy, by unsubstituted or substituted amino, such as lower alkylamino, di-lower alkylamino or by acylamino for example alkanoylamino and corresponding alkene- or alkyne carboxylic acids that may have one or more double or triple bonds. Preferably the radical is unsubstituted or hydroxysubstituted lower alkanecarboxylic acid such as acetic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid or 2-hydroxybutyric acid or unsubstituted or hydroxysubstituted higher alkanecarboxylic acid such as lauric acid or stearic acid. Preferably the radical is also a lower alkene- and lower alkyne-carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid or crotonic acid or higher alkene- and higher alkyne-carboxylic acid such as oleic acid and arachidonic acid.

In cycloaliphatic-aliphatic radicals the cycloaliphatic moiety and the alphatic moiety have the meanings described above and are especially monocyclic or polycyclic cyclo-lower alkyl. Aromatic and araliphatic carboxy acids are inter alia benzoic or phenyl-lower alkanecarboxylic that are unsubstituted or substituted for example by alkyl, hydroxyl, lower alkoxy or halogen. Preferably the radical is benzoic acid or phenolacetic acid.

D can also be an esterified hydroxy with a carbonradical which is a carboxy group or esterified carboxy group to form a semiester or a diester. Preferred carboxygroups are lower alkane carboxyl such as acetoxy and butyryloxy. D can also be an esterified hydroxyl with a radical containing nitrogen such as amino or substituted amino. Preferably the radical is lower alkylamino for example methylamino, ethylamino and isopropylamino.

One or two or three of R₁, R₂ and R₃ can independently be esterified hydroxy with the substituent E. E can be an amino acid, for example lysine, histidine, asparagine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine or tryptophan.

Preferably the amino acid is alanine, serine, glycine, threonine, methionine, asparagine and histidine.

E can also be a peptide consisting of the above mentioned amino acids up to a molecular weight of 10.000. Preferred radicals are dipeptides such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl, glycyl-glycyl or threonyl-histidyl.

E can also be a protein such as albumin, antitrypsin, macroglobulin, haptoglobin, caeruloplasmin, transferrin, α- or β-lipoprotein, β- or γ-globulin or fibrinogen.

One or more of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ can independently be the substituent F.

F can be a free functional group such as hydroxy, carbonyl, carboxyl, mercapto or amino or these could be protected with other groups as described for the radical A.

F can also be a halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and further a cyano or an isocyanato group.

F can also consist of phosphorus containing radicals such as phosphine, phosphinyl and phosphonyl or phosphorothioate and with nitrogen containing radicals such as nitro and azido.

F can further consist of sulphurcontaining radicals such as xanthate, sulfinyl or sulfonyl or siliconcontaining radicals such as silyl, silyloxy or silylthio.

F can also be a heterocyclic group containing at least one atom selected for the group of oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur.

F can further also be a carbamyl or substituted carbamyl.

When R₁, R₂ or R₃ are F the preferred radical is hydroxy, mercapto or halogen, especially fluorine and chlorine. Further preferred radicals are those where F is phosphino or amino or substituted amino. The substitution for the aminogroup is preferably a lower alkyl carbonyl radical such as methyl- or butylcarbonyl or sulphinyl or alkyl sulphinyl such as methylsulphinyl or butylsulphinyl or an aminocarbonyl such as N-methylaminocarbonyl.

When R₄, R₅ or R₆ are F the preferred radical is carboxy, carbamyl or substituted carbamyl, sulphonyl or substituted sulphonyl or phosphinyl or phosphonyl or substituted phosphinyl or phosphonyl. In this case F can also preferably be a heterocyclic group especially isoxazolyl, imidazolyl or thiazolyl.

One or two or three of R₄, R₅ and R₆ could independently be a phosphoruscontaining radical with the formula ##STR6## where Y is oxygen or (--CH₂ --)_(n) or (--CH₂ --)_(n) O; n=1-4.

In one preferred form Y is oxygen and especially preferred is when Y is oxygen and when R₄, R₅ and R₆ all have the above formula, i.e. ##STR7## R₇ and R₈ can independently be hydrogen or B as defined previously. Preferably when R₇ and/or R₈ is B the radical is alkyl or aryl especially lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or higher alkyl such as octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl. In another preferred form B is substituted alkyl such as dihydroxy propyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl.

In another preferred form R₇ is hydrogen and R₈ is lower alkyl especially methyl, ethyl or butyl.

R₇ and R₈ can also be another phosphoruscontaining group with the formula ##STR8## where R₉ is hydrogen, hydroxyl or B as defined previously. Preferably when R₉ is B the radical is alkyl or aryl especially lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or higher alkyl such as octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl.

R₉ can also be an etherified hydroxyl with a radical B and preferably in this form B is alkyl or aryl as described above.

In one preferred form R₄, R₅, R₆ are a mono- or polyphosphate or alkylated or arylated mono- or polyphosphates.

R₇ and/or R₈ can also be a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof or a further phosphorylated radical of a configuration isomer of myo-inositol.

One or two or three of R₄, R₅, R₆ could independently be a phosphorus containing radical with the formula: ##STR9## with R₇ and R₉ as defined previously.

In one preferred form R₇ is hydrogen and R₉ is amino or substituted amino such as alkylamino, especially methyl- or butylamino.

One embodiment of this invention relates to a compound of Formula (I), wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ independently are

a) F, where F is as defined previously or

b) hydrogen or oxygen or

c) A, where A is as defined previously,

wherein X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ are as defined previously.

In this embodiment R₁ or preferably R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl while R₂ and R₃ or preferably only R₃ are selected from the group of hydrogen, oxygen, F or A as defined previously.

Preferably, R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are chlorine, bromine or iodine or most preferably fluorine. In another preferred form R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are amino or substituted amino especially where the substitution on the aminogroup is a lower alkyl carbonyl radical such as methyl- or butylcarbonyl or sulphinyl or alkylsulphinyl radical such as methyl- or butylsulphinyl or an aminocarbonyl or a substituted aminocarbonyl such as N-methylaminocarbonyl.

In another preferred form R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are unsubstituted or substituted mercapto, the substitution being preferably lower alkyl such as methyl- or butylmercapto.

In another form of this embodiment R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are a phosphino, a xanthate or an isocyanatogroup. Other preferred forms are those where R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are alkyl or aryl in unsubstituted or substituted form, especially lower alkyl such as ethyl and butyl and substituted ethyl and butyl with hydroxyl, mercapto, amino or phosphino or aryl such as phenyl.

In another preferred form R₂ and R₃ or only R₃ are hydrogen or oxygen.

In another preferred form of this invention R₁, R₂, R₃ are the same selected from

a) F, where F is as defined previously or

b) hydrogen or oxygen or

c) A, where A is as defined previously

X is a radical of a configuration isomer of inositol and preferably a radical of myo-inositol.

R₄, R₅, R₆ are ##STR10## and/or F respectively, where Y, R₇, R₈ and F are as defined previously.

Preferably, R₄ and R₅ are ##STR11## while R₆ is F.

Most preferably R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR12## where Y is oxygen and R₇, R₈ are hydrogen or alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or aryl such as phenyl.

In this embodiment of the invention R₁, R₂, R₃ are the same and preferably hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, bromine and iodine or most preferably fluorine.

In another preferred from R₁, R₂ and R₃ are amino or substituted amino especially where the substitution on the amino group is a lower alkylcarbonyl radical such as methyl- or butylcarbonyl or sulphinyl or alkylsulphinyl radical such as methyl- and butylsulphinyl or an aminocarbonyl or substituted aminocarbonyl such as N-methylaminocarbonyl.

In another preferred form R₁, R₂ and R₃ are unsubstituted or substituted mercapto, the substitution being preferably lower alkyl such as methyl- or butylmercapto.

In another form of this embodiment R₁, R₂ and R₃ are phosphino, xanthate or isocyanatogroups.

Other preferred forms are those where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are alkyl or aryl in unsubstituted form, especially lower alkyl such as ethyl and butyl or substituted ethyl and butyl with hydroxyl, mercapto, amino or phosphino or aryl such as phenyl.

The most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention is where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₃, C₄ and C₅ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₆ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR13##

Other preferred embodiments of this invention are where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are independently bound to C₄, C₅ and C₆ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₃ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR14## or where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are independently covalently bound to C₂, C₅ and C₆ and R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₃ and C₄ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR15##

In one of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR16## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR17##

In this formula R₃ and the two hydroxyls could be in changed positions independently to each other. R₃ is especially selected from the group of hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and most preferably fluorine or selected from the group of amino or substituted amino especially where the substitution is a lower alkyl carbonyl radical such as methyl- or butylcarbonyl or sulphinyl or alkylsulphinyl radical such as methyl- or butylsulphinyl or an aminocarbonyl or a substituted aminocarbonyl such as N-methylaminocarbonyl or selected from the group of unsubstituted or substituted mercapto, the substitution being preferably lower alkyl such as methyl- or butylmercapto or phosphino; or selected from the group of alkyl or aryl in unsubstituted form, especially lower alkyl such as ethyl and butyl or substituted ethyl or butyl with hydroxyl, mercapto, amino or phosphino or aryl such as phenyl.

In another form of this most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR18## where Y is oxygen and where R₇, R₈ preferably are lower alkyl such as methyl and butyl: ##STR19##

In another of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same and as described above and R₄, R₅, R₆ are ##STR20## where Y is oxygen and R₇, R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR21##

R₁, R₂, R₃ are especially selected from the group of hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and most preferably fluorine; or selected from the group of amino or substituted amino, especially where the substitution is a lower alkylcarbonyl radical such as methyl- or butylcarbonyl radicals or sulphinyl or alkylsulphinyl radical such as methyl- or butylsulphinyl or an aminocarbonyl or a substituted aminocarbonyl such as N-methyl aminocarbonyl or selected from the group of unsubstituted or substituted mercapto, the substitution being preferably lower alkyl such as methyl- or butyl mercapto or phosphino; or selected from the group of alkyl or aryl in unsubstituted from, especially lower alkyl such as ethyl and butyl or substituted ethyl or butyl with hydroxyl, mercapto, amino or phosphino or aryl such as phenyl.

In another form of this preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR22## where Y is oxygen and where R₇ and R₈ preferably is lower alkyl such as methyl and butyl: ##STR23##

One embodiment of this invention relates to a compound of Formula (I) wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are:

a) hydroxyl or

b) OB, where B is as defined previously

wherein X is a radical or myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and wherein R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are as defined previously.

In this embodiment R₁ or preferably R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl, while R₂ and R₃ or preferably only R₃ are etherified hydroxyl with the substituent B, where B is A as defined previously or a glycosyl residue, a glycopeptide, a glycoprotein, a glycolipid or selected from the group of halogen, carboxy, phosphonyl or sulphonyl. When B is A as defined previously, B is preferably a straight or branched alkyl, especially a lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or a higher alkyl such as octyl, dodecyl and eicosyl or an alkenyl, especially vinyl, alkyl or butenyl. Preferably, B can also be a cycloalkyl, especially cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or aryl, especially phenyl, biphenyl or naphthyl. The above mentioned radicals can be unsubstituted or substituted especially with hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amino or phosphino.

By preference B can also be a glycosyl residue especially glucose, mannose, maltose, glucoseamine or glucosephosphate; or a glycopeptide especially a glycopeptide including glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to di- and tripeptides such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl or glycyl-glycyl; or a glycoprotein, especially a glycoprotein including glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to a protein such as concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin and peanutagglutinin; or a glycolipid especially a glycolipid including glucose or galactose such as cerebroside and ganglioside.

B can preferably also be halogen, especially fluorine or chlorine or carboxyl, phosphonyl or sulphinyl. In another preferred form the substitution OB are repeated fragments of hydroxyl groups etherified with carbon radicals such as polyethyleneglycol or polyropyleneglycol.

In another preferred form of this invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same i.e. etherified hydroxyls with the carbon radical B as previously defined. X is a radical of a configuration isomer of inositol and preferably a radical of myo-inositol.

R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR24## and/or F respectively, where Y, R₇, R₈ and F are as defined previously.

Preferably, R₄ and R₅ are ##STR25## while R₆ is F.

Most preferably R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR26## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen or alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or aryl such as phenyl.

In this embodiment of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same, that is etherified hydroxyl with the substituent B, which preferably is a straight or branched alkyl, especially a lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or a higher alkyl such as octyl, dodecyl or eicosyl or an alkenyl, especially vinyl, alkyl or butenyl. Preferably, B can also be a cycloalkyl, especially cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or aryl, especially phenyl, biphenyl or naphthyl. The above mentioned radicals can be unsubstituted or substituted, especially with hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amino or phosphino.

By preference, B can also be a glycosyl residue, especially glucose, mannose, maltose, glucoseamine or glucosephosphate; or a glycopeptide, especially a glycopeptide including glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to di- and tripeptides such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl or glycyl-glycyl; or a glycoprotein, especially a glycoprotein including glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to a protein such as concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin and peanutagglutinin; or a glycolipid especially a glycolipid including glucose or galactose such as cerebroside and ganglioside.

B can preferably also be a halogen, especially fluorine or chlorine or carboxyl, phosphonyl or sulphinyl. In another preferred form the substitution OB are repeated fragments of hydroxyl groups etherified with carbon radicals such as polyethyleneglycol or polypropyleneglycol.

The most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention is where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₃, C₄ and C₅ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₆ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR27##

Other preferred embodiments of this invention are where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₄, C₅ and C₆ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₃ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR28## or where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₂, R₅ and C₆ and R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₃ and C₄ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR29##

In one of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR30## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR31##

In this formula --OB and the two hydroxyls could be in changed positions independently to each other.

B is especially selected from the group of straight or branched alkyl such as methyl, butyl, dodecyl or eicosyl or alkenyl such as allyl or butenyl or cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or aryl such as phenyl unsubstituted or substituted especially with hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amino or phosphino; or selected from the group of a glycosyl residue especially glucose, mannose, glucoseamine or glucosephosphate or where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₂, C₅ and C₆ and R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₃ and C₄ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR32##

In one of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR33## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR34##

In this formula --OB and the two hydroxyls could be in changed positions independently to each other.

B is especially selected from the group of straight or branched alkyl such as methyl, butyl, dodecyl or eicosyl or alkenyl such as allyl or butenyl or cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or aryl such as phenyl unsubstituted or substituted especially with hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amino or phosphino; or selected from the group of a glycosyl residue especially glucose, mannose, glucoseamine or glucosephosphate ##STR35##

B is especially selected from the group of straight or branched alkyl, such as methyl, butyl, dodecyl or eicosyl or alkenyl such as allyl or butenyl or cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl or cyclohexyl or aryl such as phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted especially with hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amino or phosphino; or selected from the group of a glycosyl residue especially glucose, mannose, glucoseamine or glucosephosphate or a glycopeptide especially including a glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to a di- or tripeptide, or a glycoprotein especially including a glucoseamine or galactoseamine attached to the protein or a glycolipid including glucose or galactose, or selected from the group of halogen, especially fluorine or chlorine or carboxy, phosphonyl or sulphinyl; or selected from the group consisting of repeated fragments of hydroxyl groups etherified with carbon radicals such as polyethyleneglycol or polypropyleneglycol.

In another form of this most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same and as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR36## where Y is oxygen and where R₇ and R₈ preferably are lower alkyl such as methyl and butyl: ##STR37##

One embodiment of this invention relates to a compound of Formula (I) wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are

a) hydroxyl or ##STR38## where D is as defined previously or c) E, where E is as defined previously,

wherein X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are as defined previously.

In this embodiment R₁ or preferably R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl while R₂ and R₃ or preferably only R₃ are selected from the group of esterified hydroxyl with the substituents D or E, where D is A as defined previously, carboxy or esterified carboxy, amino or substituted amino and where E is an amino acid, peptide or a protein. When D is A as defined previously, D is preferably a radical derived from an organic carboxylic acid, especially an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic acid such as acetic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid, lauric acid or 2-hydroxy butyric acid or an alkenic acid, such as acrylic acid or crotonic acid or an aromatic acid such as benzoic acid or phenylacetic acid.

By preference, D is also an esterified hydroxyl with a carbon radical which is a carboxy group or esterified carboxy group, especially acetoxy and butyryloxygroups or a radical containing nitrogen such as amino or substituted amino, especially methyl-, ethyl- and isopropylamino. Preferably, E is an amino acid, especially asparginine, histidine, methionine and serine or a peptide consisting of amino acids up to a molecular weight of 10.000, especially dipeptides such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl and glycyl-glycyl or a protein, especially albumin, transferrin, α- and β-lipoprotein, γ- and γ-globulin and fibrinogen.

In another preferred form of this invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same selected from: ##STR39## where D is as defined previously or b) E, where E is as defined previously

X is a radical of a configuration isomer of inositol and preferably a radical of myo-inositol.

R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR40## and/or F respectively, where Y, R₇, R₈ and F are as defined previously.

Preferably, R₄ and R₅ are ##STR41## while R₆ is F.

Most preferably R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR42## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen or alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl or butyl or aryl such as phenyl.

In this embodiment of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same, that is esterified hydroxyl with the substituents D or E, where D preferably is a radical derived from an organic carboxylic acid, especially an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic acid, such as acetic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid, lauric acid and 2-hydroxy butyric acid or an alkenic acid, such as acrylic acid or crotonic acid or an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or phenylacetic acid.

By preference, D is also an esterified hydroxyl with a carbon radical which is a carboxy group or esterified carboxy group, especially acetoxy and butyryloxy groups or a radical containing nitrogen, such as amino or substituted amino, especially methyl-, ethyl- and isopropylamino.

Preferably, E is an amino acid, especially asparagine, histidine, methionine and serine or a peptide consisting of amino acids up to a molecular weight of 10.000, especially dipeptides such as alanyl-alanyl, prolyl-methionyl and glycyl-glycyl or a protein, especially albumin, transferrin, C- and β-lipoprotein, β- and γ-globulin and fibrinogen.

The most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention is where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₃, C₄ and C₅ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₆ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR43##

Other preferred embodiments of this invention are where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₄, C₅ and C₆ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₃ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR44## or where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₂, C₅ and C₆ and R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₃ and C₄ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR45##

In one of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR46## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR47##

In this formula ##STR48## and the two hydroxyls could be in changed positions independently to each other.

D is especially selected from the group of radicals derived from organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, butyric acid, lauric acid, 2-hydroxy butyric acid, acrylic acid and benzoic acid; or selected from the group of carboxy or esterified carboxy such as acetoxy and butyryloxy; or selected from the group of amino or substituted amino such as methyl- or isopropylamino.

E is especially selected from the group of amino acids, such as asparagine, histidine, methionine or serine or selected from the group of peptides such as alanyl-alanyl, or prolyl-methionyl or selected from the group of proteins, such as albumin, transferrin and α- and γ-lipoprotein.

In another form of this most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁ and R₂ are hydroxyl and R₃ are as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR49## where Y is oxygen and where R₇ and R₈ are lower alkyl such as methyl land butyl: ##STR50##

In another form of this most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same and as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR51## where Y is oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen: ##STR52##

R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same and are ##STR53## where D is especially selected from the group of radicals derived from organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, butyric acid, lauric acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, acrylic acid and benzoic acid; or selected from the group of carboxy or esterified carboxy, such as acetoxy and butyryloxy; or selected from the group of amino or substituted amino, such as methyl- or isopropylamino; or E where E is especially selected from the group of amino acids, such as asparagine, histidine, methionine and serine; or selected from the group of peptides such as alanyl-alanyl or prolyl-methionyl or selected from the group of proteins such as albumin, transferrin and α- and β-lipoproteins.

In another from of this most preferred embodiment of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same and as described above and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR54## where Y is oxygen and where R₇ and R₈ preferably are lower alkyl such as methyl and butyl: ##STR55##

One embodiment of this invention relates to a compound of Formula (I), wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are as defined previously and where X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR56## where Y, R₇ and R₈ are as defined previously.

Y is preferably oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are independently hydrogen or the radical B, especially unsubstituted alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl or substituted alkyl such as dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl; or E, especially an amino acid such as methionine or glycine.

In another preferred form R₇ and R₈ independently are another phosphorus containing group with the formula: ##STR57## wherein R₉ is hydrogen, hydroxyl or B, especially selected from the group of alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl or OB, especially methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy or phenoxy, or E, especially methionine or glycine, or X i.e. another configuration isomer of inositol or a phosphorylated configuration isomer of inositol or amino or substituted amino such as methyl- or butylamino.

In another preferred form of this embodiment R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as defined previously, X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR58## where R₇ and R₉ are as defined previously.

R₇ is preferably hydrogen or the radical B, especially unsubstituted alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl or substituted alkyl such as dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl or E, especially an amino acid such as methionine or glycine.

R₉ is preferably hydrogen, hydroxyl or B, especially selected from the group of alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl or OB, especially methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy or phenoxy or E, especially methionine or glycine or X, i.e. another configuration isomer of inositol or a phoshphorylated configuration isomer or amino or substituted amino such as methyl- or butylamino.

In another preferred form of this embodiment R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as defined previously, X is a radical of myo-inositol or a radical of a configuration isomer thereof and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are F, where F is as defined previously. F is preferably carboxyl or unsubstituted or substituted carbamyl, the substitution being preferably N-methyl-, N-propyl- or N-cyanocarbamyl or sulphonyl or substituted sulphonyl, especially aminosulphinyl or N-methyl- or N-butylaminosulphinyl. Other preferred forms of F are where F is phosphonyl or substituted phosphonyl such as aminophosphonyl or phosphorothioate. Preferably, F can also be a heterocyclic group, especially isoxazolyl, imidazolyl or thiazolyl.

In another preferred form of this invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are as defined previously and X is a radical of a configuration isomer of inositol and preferably a radical of myo-inositol. R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR59##

Preferably, R₄ and R₅ are ##STR60## and R₆ is F, where Y, R₇, R₈, R₉ and F is as defined previously.

In this form Y is preferably oxygen and R₇ and R₈ are independently hydrogen or the radical B, especially unsubstituted alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl or substituted alkyl such as dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl; or E, especially an amino acid such as methionine or glycine. R₉ is preferably hydrogen, hydroxyl or the radical B, especially selected from the group of alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl or dodecyl or aryl such as phenyl; or OB, especially methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy or phenoxy; or E, especially methionine or glycine or X i.e. another configuration isomer of inositol, preferably myo-inositol or a phosphorylated isomer of myo-inositol; or amino or substituted amino such as methyl- or butylamino.

F is preferably carboxyl; or unsubstituted or substituted carbamyl, especially N-methyl-, N-propyl- or N-cyanocarbamyl; or sulphonyl or substituted sulphonyl, especially aminosulphonyl or N-methyl- or N-butyl aminosulphonyl; or phosphonyl or substituted phosphonyl, especially aminophosphinyl; or a heterocyclic group, especially isoxazolyl, imidazolyl or thiazolyl.

The most preferred embodiment of this type of this type of the invention is where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₃, C₄ and C₅ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₆ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR61##

Other preferred forms of this invention are where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₄, C₅ and C₆ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₂ and C₃ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR62## or where R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently are covalently bound to C₂, C₅ and C₆ and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ independently are covalently bound to C₁, C₃ and C₄ in myo-inositol such as follows: ##STR63##

In one of the most preferred embodiments of this type of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR64##

Preferably, Y is oxygen and R₇ and/or R₈ are hydrogen; or methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl, phenyl, dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl, especially with C₁₄ to C₂₀ alkylcarbonyl groups; or glycine, methionine or histidine.

In another of the most preferred embodiments of the invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR65##

Preferably, R₇ is hydrogen; or methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl, phenyl, dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl with C₁₄ to C₂₀ -alkylcarbonyl groups; or glycine, methionine or histidine and R₉ is preferably hydrogen or hydroxyl; or methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl or phenyl; or methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy or phenoxy; or glycine or methionine; or another configuration isomer of myo-inositol or a phosphorylated isomer of myo-inositol; or amino, methyl- or butylamino.

In another of the most preferred embodiments of this invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are F: ##STR66##

Preferably, F is carboxyl; or carbamyl, N-methylcarbamyl, N-propylcarbamyl or N-cyanocarbamyl; or sulphonyl, aminosulphonyl, N-methyl- or N-butylaminosulphonyl; or phosphonyl or aminophosphonyl; or isoxazolyl, imidazolyl or thiazolyl.

In another of the most preferred embodiments of this invention R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl, and R₄ and R₅ are ##STR67##

In this formula F and R₄ and R₅ could be in changed positions independently to each other.

Preferably, Y is oxygen and R₇ and/or R₈ are hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl, phenyl, dihydroxypropyl or esterified dihydroxypropyl, especially with C₁₄ to C₂₀ -alkyl carbonyl groups; or glycine, methionine or histidine, and F is hydroxyl or carboxyl; or carbamyl, N-methylcarbamyl, N-propylcarbamyl or N-cyanocarbamyl; or sulphonyl, aminosulphonyl, N-methyl- or N-butylaminosulphonyl; or phosphonyl or aminophosphonyl; or isoxazolyl, imidazolyl or thiazolyl.

In one preferred form R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₆ are hydroxyl and R₄ and R₅ are phosphate: ##STR68##

These latter three described forms of the invention are pharmaceutically active towards conditions characterized by metal disturbance, free radical formation and cell membrane destabilization.

In one preferred form of this invention R₁ is OB and R₂ is hydroxyl or OB, R₃, R₄, R₅ are hydroxyl and R₆ are ##STR69## with the following formula: ##STR70##

In this formula R₂, R₆ and OB could be in changed positions independently to each other.

Preferably Y is oxygen and R₇ and/or R₈ are hydrogen; or dodecyl or eicosyl; or esterified dihydroxypropyl, especially with C₁₄ to C₂₀ -alkylcarbonyl groups and R₉ is hydrogen, hydroxyl or amino or another configuration isomer of myo-inositol or a phosphorylated isomer of myo-inositol. Preferably, B is a glycoyl residue, especially glucose, mannose, glucosamine or a glycoprotein.

Of particular importance is the compound having the structural formula ##STR71##

where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same or different and are

(a) hydroxyl; ##STR72## where A is (1) straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms.

(2) cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms,

(3) alkenyl containing 3 to 24 carbon atoms,

(4) cycloalkenyl containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms,

(5) aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms,

(6) aralkyl containing 7 to 48 carbon atoms,

(7) alkaryl containing 7 to 48 carbon atoms,

(8) aralkenyl containing 8 to 48 carbon atoms,

(9) alkenylaryl containing 8 to 48 carbon atoms,

(10) a heterocyclic ring containing at least one atom of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur

said meanings (1) to (10) of A being unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxy, oxo, alkoxy, aryloxy, halo, cyano, isocyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, cararyloxy, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, phosphinyl, phosphonyl, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, silyl, silyloxy, nitro or azido;

(11) carboxy,

(12) carbalkoxy,

(13) carbaryloxy,

(14) amino,

(15) alkyl subsituted amino or

(16) aryl substituted amino;

(c) D, where D is

(1) an amino acid

(2) a peptide or

(3) a protein complex including a lypoprotein and a nucleoprotein;

(d) E, where E is

(1) carbamoyl,

(2) alkyl substituted carbamoyl,

(3) aryl substituted carbamoyl,

(4) sulfinyl,

(5) alkyl substituted sulfinyl,

(6) aryl substituted sulfinyl,

(7) sulfonyl,

(8) alkyl substituted sulfonyl,

(9) aryl substituted sulfonyl,

(10) xanthate or

(11) phosphorothioate;

and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ are the same or different and are ##STR73## wherein R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are: (1) hydrogen,

(2) A,

(3) a glycosyl residue,

(4) a glycopeptide,

(5) a glycoprotein,

(6) a glycolipid,

(7) halogen,

(8) carboxy,

(9) phosphonyl,

(10) sulfonyl,

(11) an amino acid,

(12) a peptide,

(13) a protein complex including a lipoprotein and a nucleoprotein,

(14) cyclohexyl,

(15) phosphate substituted cyclohexyl or ##STR74## where R₁₀ is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino, aryl, methylamino or diethylamino; and R₁₁ is --CH₂, --CHCH₃ or --C(CH₃)₂ or

(b) hydroxyl, with the proviso that if R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl, at least one of R₄, R₅ and R₆ is ##STR75##

It is emphasized that acyl has the meaning ##STR76## where R is alkyl or aryl; acyloxy has the meaning ##STR77## where R is alkyl or aryl; acylamino has the meaning ##STR78## where R is alkyl or aryl. It is furthermore emphasized that acyloxyalkyl has the meaning ##STR79## where R is alkyl or aryl and R' is alkyl.

In a first preferred set of embodiments R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ in the compound having the structural formula II, are either hydroxyl or ##STR80## where R₇ is acyloxyalkyl; and R₈ is hydrogen or acyloxyalkyl. In one such preferred embodiment of this set of embodiments R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl; and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR81##

In another preferred embodiment of this set of embodiments R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR82##

In a third preferred embodiment of this set of embodiments R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; and R₆ is ##STR83##

In another series of this set of preferred embodiments the meanings of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ are identical with those given in the above paragraph. However, in this set of preferred embodiments the compounds have the structural formula ##STR84##

In another preferred set of embodiments the compound having the structural formula II is characterized by all the substituents, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆, being either hydroxyl or ##STR85## where R₇ is straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms; and R₈ is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms.

In one such preferred embodiments of this preferred set of embodiments R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl; and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR86## where R₇ and R₈ have the meanings given above for this preferred set of embodiments. In another preferred embodiment of this preferred set of embodiments R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR87##

In yet another preferred embodiment of this set of embodiments R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl and R₆ is ##STR88##

In another series of this preferred set of embodiments the meanings of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ are identical. However, in this series the compounds have the structural formula III.

In a third preferred set of embodiments the substitutents R₁, R₂, R₃ R₄, R₅ and R₆ are hydroxyl, ##STR89## where A has the meanings given for the compound having the structural formula II or ##STR90## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms.

In this third preferred set of embodiments, one series of compounds has the generic structural formula II. In another series the compounds have the specific structural formula III. Independent of whether the structural formula is II or III, one group of compounds are characterized by R₁, R₂ and R₃ being the same or different and being ##STR91## and R₄, R₅ and R₆ being ##STR92##

Another preferred group of compounds are defined by R₁ and R₃ being hydroxyl; R₂ being ##STR93## and R₄, R₅ and R₆ being ##STR94##

Yet a fourth series of preferred embodiments have the structural formulae II or III where R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ are hydroxyl; B, as defined in the general definition of the compound having the structural formula II; or ##STR95## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms.

In one such embodiment of this preferred set of embodiments R₁ and R₃ are hydroxyl, R₂ is B and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR96##

In a second embodiment, R₁, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; R₂ is B; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR97##

In a third embodiment, R₁, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; R₂ is B; and R₆ is ##STR98##

In a fifth series of preferred embodiments the compounds have the structural formula III wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ being hydroxyl; ##STR99## where A has the meanings given for A given in the definition of the compound having the structural formula II; or ##STR100## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms.

In one such embodiment R₁ and R₃ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR101## and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR102##

In another embodiment R₁, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR103## and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR104##

In yet a third embodiment R₁, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR105##

In a preferred embodiment, compounds having the structural formula II are provided wherein R₇ is ##STR106## where R₁₀ and R₁₁ has the meanings given in the definition of the compound having the structural formula II.

In still another preferred embodiment, compounds having the structural formula II are employed wherein R₇ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, isopropyl or t-butyl. Finally, compounds having the structural formula ##STR107## are used. These compounds are characterized by R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, and R₆ having the meanings given for the compounds having the structural formula II.

The described compounds can also exist in dimeric or polymeric forms. The described substituents could per se be e.g. pharmaceutically active compounds. The invention also relates to a composition comprising one or more compounds of Formulae I to IV as defined previously.

The composition usually contains 10 to 99.5%, preferably 20 to 99.5% of these compounds.

The invention relates to the above mentioned compounds as pharmaceutically active substances, their use for the manufacture of pharmaceutical preparations and to pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds.

The invention also relates to the above mentioned compounds as additives for foodstuffs or stabilizers for different products.

The present invention particularly aims at a method of reducing the negative effect of various metal ions, e.g. cadmium, aluminum, lead, mercury, nickel or chromium ions or free radicals in the body tissues. Said method comprises administering to a person or an animal, i.e. mammals, an amount of inventive compounds to interfere with such metal ion or inhibit or reduce the formation of free radicals in the body.

The invention also comprises a method of preventing or alleviating one of the following conditions: an arthritic condition, bronchitis, a cell proliferation change, a cancer, high blood pressure, a cardiovascular disease, age diabetes, damage to the placenta, damage to the testicles, damage to different parts of the eye such as retina tissue and lens, damage to the prostate, damage to cell membranes, damage to the central nervous system, damage to the conducting system of the heart, emphysema, lung fibrosis, migrane headache, menstruation disorders, endothelium damage, kidney damage, thrombosis, multiple sclerosis, increased platelet aggregation, inhibition of prostacycline production, metal intoxication, allergy caused by lead, mercury, nickel or chromium, inflammatory conditions, damage to connective tissue, liver damage, brain damage, immunodeficiency, conditions of shock, gastroenteritis, dermatitis and neurological disturbance. Said conditions are attributable to or are caused or aggravated by the presence of metal ions or free radicals in the body.

The method comprises administering to a human or an animal an amount of the inventive compound sufficient to obtain said prevention or alleviation.

Furthermore, the invention covers a method of alleviating the detrimental effect of radiation in the body, which method comprises administering to a human or an animal an amount of the inventive compound sufficient to alleviate said radiation effect. For instance, the radiation can be X-ray or nuclear radiation, but other kinds of radiation are also contemplated.

The following examples illustrate the invention but do not restrict it in any way.

EXAMPLE 1

Two hundred μmol of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in acid form was freeze-dried in a vial. Four hundred mg sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was dissolved in 10 ml dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and added to the vial.

Two ml methyliodide was added and the mixture was stirred under dry nitrogen atmosphere for one hour. After neutralization with 1.0M sodiumhydroxide an excess of calciumchloride was added to give a precipitate of the formed methyleter.

Structural determination with NMR and IR showed the product to be the trimethylether of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 2

One hundred ml of a solution of the sodiumsalt of myo-inositol-1,2,3-triphosphate with a concentration of 0.05M was added to 100 ml of a mixture of 15% aqueous sodium bisulphate and ethyl alcohol at room temperature. The mixture was neutralized with 1.0M sodiumhydroxide and calciumchloride was added to give a precipitate of the calciumsalt of the formed ethylether.

Structural determination with NMR and IR showed the product to be the triethylether of myo-inositol-1,2,3-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 3

One hundred μmol of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in acid form was freeze-dried in a vial. Two hundred mg sodiumhydroxide was dissolved in 5 ml dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and added to the vial. Five hundred μl dimethylsulphate was added and the mixture was stirred under dry nitrogen atmosphere for one hour.

After addition of one ml water the mixture was purified via gel chromatography using silica gel.

Structural determination with NMR and IR showed the product to be D-myo-inositol-1,2,6 tri(dimethylphosphate).

EXAMPLE 4

Two ml of a 80% solution of myo-inositol-1,3,4-triphosphate in acid form was added to 4 ml methylene chloride followed by an addition of 2 ml of a dizaomethane solution containing excess of diazomethane. After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes the reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness.

Structural determination with NMR and IR showed the product to be myo-inositol-1,3,4 tri(dimethylphosphate).

EXAMPLE 5

Five hundred mg D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in acid form was mixed with five ml acetylchloride-trifluoracetic acid (1:2) at room temperature.

The mixture was sonicated for 60 hrs and then evaporated to dryness.

Structural determination showed the product to be D-3,4,5-tri-O-acetyloxy-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 6

Five ml of a 80% solution of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphoric acid was added to 10 ml of dodecanoic acid at room temperature.

The mixture was stirred for two hours and then neutralized with 0.1M sodium hydroxide. Six grams of calcium chloride was added to give a precipitate of the calciumsalt of the formed dodecylester. Structural determination with NMR and IR showed the product to be the monododecylester of D-myo-inositol1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 7

An excess of hydrogenfluoride was added to one hundred mg freeze-dried D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in the presence of one ml concentrated sulphuric acid. After stirring of the mixture for one hour in room temperature the residue was evaporated and purified with HPLC (reversed phase). The purified compound was D-3,4,5-tri-fluoro-myo-inositol-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 8

Five hundred mg D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in freeze-dried form was mixed with 1.0 ml concentrated sulphuric acid at 0° C. for 30 min.

Excess of sulphuric acid was removed by gelchromatography and the resulting purified compound was shown to be D-3,4,5-trisulpho-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 9

To two hundred mg of the sodiumsalt of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was added five ml 5.0M sodium hydroxide in a closed vial. Excess of carbon disulfide was introduced and maintained at 40° C. for three hrs under stirrig. The mixture was evaporated and the resulting compound was identified as the xanthate ester of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 10

One hundred μmol of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was mixed with 600 mg sodiumhydroxide in two ml water. To this solution 550 mg sodiumchloracetate was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 70° C. for 5 hrs. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was neutralized with 2.0M hydrochloric acid and calcium chloride was added to give a precipitate, which was shown to be D-3,4,5-tri-O-carboxy-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 11

0.5 g of the tetrabutylammoniumsalt of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was dissolved in dichloromethane. To this solution 0.2 g of pyridinium chlorochromate was added and the mixture was stirred for 48 hrs at 25° C. The reaction mixture was filtered through silica gel and the purified compound was determined to be D-4-oxy-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 12

A solution of (benzyloxymethyl)tributylstannane (0.7 g) in tetrahydrofuran was cooled to -78° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere and n-butyllithium (1.0 ml 1.6M in hexane) was added.

After 20 minutes at -78° C. 0.5 g of the compound formed in example 11, D-4-oxy-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) was added. After 30 minutes the reaction mixture was partitioned between diethylether and water. The organic phase was dried with sodium sulphate and evaporated. The residue was purified by HPLC and was shown to be D-4-C-benzyloxymethyl-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 13

0.6 of the compound formed in example 11, D-4-oxy-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was dissolved in 10 ml water and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (110 mg) and an aqueous solution of sodium acetate (100 mg in 5 ml water) was added dropwise under stirring. The mixture was stirred further for 2.5 hours at room temperature.

To the reaction mixture 5% sodium amalgam (total 20 g) was added at 5 min intervals for one hour under stirring and cooling to below 25° C. in a water bath. After removal of mercury by decantation the supernatant was purified with ion-exchange chromatography.

Structure determination showed the product to be D-4-amino-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 14

Five ml of a 80% solution of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate in acid form was added to the cesium salt of glycine (2.5 g) and further 1.0 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid was added. The mixture was stirred for two hours in room temperature and then neutralized with 1.0M NaOH. Six grams of calcium chloride was added to give a precipitate which was shown to be the monoglycyl ester of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 15

1.0 g of the tetrabutylammoniumsalt of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was dissolved in chloroform. Galactose (850 mg) and anhydrous hydrogen chloride (1.0 ml) was added and the mixture was heated under reflux for 12 hours.

After cooling to room temperature the mixture was purified with gelchromatography (silica gel) and a compound determined by NMR to be 4-O-galactosyl-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was isolated.

EXAMPLE 16

One hundred mg of D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate was freeze-dried in a vial. One ml of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide-chlorotrimethylsilane-pyridine (9:9:10;v:v:v:) was added and taken to dryness under a stream of nitrogen and then dissolved in 1.0 ml of 10% anhydrous methanol in diethyl ether at 0° C. After 15 minutes the mixture was evaporated and structural determination of the residue showed it to be D-3,4,5-tri-O-trimethylsilyl-myo-inositol-1,2,6-triphosphate.

EXAMPLE 17

The silver salt of myo-inositol-2-mono-phosphate was obtained from the corresponding sodium salt by reaction with silver nitrate in water.

0.5 g of the silver salt was suspended in 20 ml of toluene and a 2 molar excess of iodomethyl pivaloate was added. The reaction was continued for 6 hours at room temperature and after filtration the toluene phase was chromatographed on a semi-preparative C₁₈ -column. Two different peaks were obtained which were investigated with NMR.

The first peak consisted of the monosubstituted pivaloyloxymethyl-inositol-2-monophosphate, while the second peak was the bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)inositol-mono-2-phosphate at a yield of 37%.

EXAMPLE 18

A silver salt of D-myo-inositol-1.2.6-triphosphate was obtained from the corresponding compound in acid form by adding silver nitrate and by raising the pH to 8.

0.8 g of the silver salt was suspended in 30 ml of acetonitrile and a 2.5 molar excess of iodomethyl acetate was added. The reaction was continued for 8 hours at 30° C. After filtration the reaction mixture was loaded on a semi-preparative C₁₈ -column and eluted with acetonitrile/water=80/20 (by volume). The different fractions were investigated by NMR. One fraction with a yield of 46% was found to be hexakis(acetoxymethyl)-myo-inositol-1.2.6-trisphosphate.

EXAMPLE 19

1.00 g of the silver salt of D-myo-inositol-1.2.6-trisphosphate was mixed with 3.88 ml n-butyl-iodide in 20 ml dimethylformamide (DMF). The reaction mixture was heated to 65° C. for 18 hours with continuous stirring.

After the reaction the DMF was removed by distillation and the remaining mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. This phase was evaporated and dried in vacuum. NMR on the residue proved the product to be hexakisbutyl-myo-inositol-1.2.6-trisphosphate.

EXAMPLE 20

0.54 g of a sodium salt of D-myo-inositol-1.2.6-trisphosphate was mixed with 10 ml trifluoroacetic acid. To this suspension 7.6 ml benzoyl bromide was added and the reaction mixture was mixed in room temperature for 20 hours.

The reaction mixture was evaporated at reduced pressure in a nitrogen containing atmosphere. After evaporation and cooling to 0° C. sodium hydrogen carbonate was added in order to neutralize the compound found.

After drying the compound was investigated with NMR. The structural determination showed the product to be D-3.4.5-tri-O-benzoyloxy-myo-inositol-1.2.6-trisphosphate.

EXAMPLE 21

0.66 g of the acid form of D-myo-inositol-1.2.3-trisphosphate (IP₃) was dissolved in 20 ml dry dimethylformamide (DMF) followed by the addition of 1.57 g succinic acid anhydride and 0.77 g dimethylaminopyridine. The mixture was heated to 60° C. for 90 mins. The DMF was removed by distillation and the remaining residue was extracted in methylene chloride.

After evaporation the structure of the compound was determined to be a derivative of D-myo-inositol-1.2.3-trisphosphate where the hydroxyl groups on the inositol ring were completely substituted with succinic acid groups. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An ester of myo-inositol phosphate having the structural formula ##STR108## where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are the same or different and are (a) hydroxyl; ##STR109## where A is (1) straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms,(2) cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms, (3) alkenyl containing 2 to 24 carbon atoms, (4) cycloalkenyl containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms, (5) aryl containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms, (6) aralkyl containing 7 to 48 carbon atoms, (7) alkaryl containing 7 to 48 carbon atoms, (8) aralkenyl containing 8 to 48 carbon atoms, (9) alkenylaryl containing 8 to 48 carbon atoms, (10) a heterocyclic ring containing at least one atom of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur said meanings (1) to (10) of A being unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxy, oxo, alkoxy, aryloxy, halo, cyano, ioscyano, carboxy, esterified carboxy, amino, substituted amino, formyl, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, phosphinyl, phosphonyl, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, silyl, silyloxy, silylthio, nitro or azido;(11) carboxy (12) esterified carboxy, (13) amino, or (14) substituted amino; (c) D, where D is(1) an amino acid, (2) a peptide or (3) a protein including a lipoprotein and a nucleoprotein; (d) E, where E is(1) carbamoyl, (2) substituted carbamoyl, (3) sulfinyl, (4) substituted sulfinyl, (5) sulfonyl, (6) substituted sulfonyl, (7) xanthate or (8) phosphorothioate;and where R₄, R₅ and R₆ are the same or different and are ##STR110## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are (1) hydrogen, (2) A, (3) a glycosyl residue, (4) a glycopeptide, (5) a glycoprotein, (6) a glycolipid, (7) halogen, (8) carboxy, (9) phosphonyl, (10) sulfonyl, (11) an amino acid, (12) a peptide, (13) a protein including a lipoprotein and a nucleoprotein, (14) a radical of myo-inositol (15) a phosphorylated radical of myo-inositol; or (b) hydroxyl, with the proviso that at least one of R₄, R₅ and R₆ is ##STR111##
 2. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl; and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR112## where R₇ is acyloxyalkyl; and R₈ is hydrogen or acyloxyalkyl.
 3. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR113## where R₇ is acyloxyalkyl; and R₈ is hydrogen or acyloxyalkyl.
 4. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; and R₆ is ##STR114## where R₇ is acyloxyalkyl; and R₈ is hydrogen or acyloxyalkyl.
 5. An ester in accordance with claim 1 where R₁, R₂ and R₃ are hydroxyl; and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR115## where R₇ is straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms; and R₈ hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 26 ring carbon atoms.
 6. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR116## where R₇ is straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms; and R₈ is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 7. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; and R₆ is ##STR117## where R₇ is straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms; and R₈ is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alky containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 8. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ are ##STR118## and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR119## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 9. An ester in accordance with claim 1 where R₁ and R₃ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR120## and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR121## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 10. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁ and R₃ are hydroxyl; R₂ is D; and R₄, R₅ and R₆ are ##STR122## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 11. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; R₂ is D; and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR123## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms.
 12. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; R₂ is D; and R₆ is ##STR124## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 13. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₇ is acyloxyalkyl having the structural formula ##STR125## and R₁₀ is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino, aryl, methylamino or dimethylamino; and R₁₁ is CH₂, CHCH₃ or C(CH₃)₂.
 14. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₃ and R₄ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR126## and R₅ and R₆ are ##STR127## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 15. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₁, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are hydroxyl; R₂ is ##STR128## and R₆ is ##STR129## where R₇ and R₈ are the same or different and are hydrogen, acyloxyalkyl, straight or branched chain alkyl containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 16 carbon atoms or aryl containing 6 to 24 ring carbon atoms.
 16. An ester in accordance with claim 1 wherein R₇ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, isopropyl or t-butyl. 